The UK has held a two-minute silence to commemorate the 75th anniversary of VE Day, as the country remains in lockdown due to the coronavirus.
The Prince of Wales and the Duchess of Cornwall led the silence at 11:00 BST to honour servicemen and women during World War Two, and the Queen will address the nation later.
The PM thanked the VE Day generation, saying “our gratitude will be eternal”.
Events are taking place all day, but public gatherings have been cancelled.
Victory in Europe Day marks the day in 1945 when Britain and its allies accepted the unconditional surrender of Nazi Germany, bringing the war in Europe to an end
This year’s celebration is limited as the lockdown prompted by the coronavirus pandemic means there will be no large-scale street parties or parades.
But the occasion was marked with a flypast over London by the Royal Air Force display team the Red Arrows, while RAF Typhoon jets flew over Cardiff, Edinburgh and Belfast.
Then, a piper played at the war memorial near Balmoral, where Prince Charles and Camilla laid a wreath and led the country in silent remembrance.
A gun salute from Edinburgh Castle marked the beginning and end of the silence, but crowds were absent from many war memorials as people reflected at home.
In a message, Prime Minister Boris Johnson referred to the virus outbreak, saying it “demands the same spirit of national endeavour” as shown during wartime.
“We can’t hold the parades and street celebrations we enjoyed in the past, but all of us who were born since 1945 are acutely conscious that we owe everything we most value to the generation who won the Second World War,” he said.
How VE Day is being commemorated
- 10:50 BST: A service in Westminster sees Commons Speaker Sir Lindsay Hoyle lay a wreath on behalf of the House of Commons. Lord West laid a wreath on behalf of the Lords
- 11:00: A national moment of remembrance and a two-minute silence
- 14:45: In a special programme on BBC One, extracts from Churchill’s victory speech to the nation announcing the end of the war in Europe will be broadcast
- 14:55: Solo buglers, trumpeters and cornet players will be invited to play the Last Post from their homes
- 15:00: As Churchill’s speech is broadcast, people will be invited to stand up and raise a glass in a national toast, saying: “To those who gave so much, we thank you”
- 20:00: Another BBC One special will feature Welsh soprano Katherine Jenkins, actor Adrian Lester and singer Beverley Knight, who will be performing some well-known songs from the 1930s and 40s. The programme will culminate in the nation being invited to sing along to a rendition of wartime classic We’ll Meet Again
- 21:00: The Queen’s pre-recorded address will be broadcast on BBC One. It will be her second televised message during the coronavirus outbreak after a rare speech to the nation last month
- 21:30: Spotlights will light up the sky in Portsmouth to recall the experience of blackouts during the war. The local council says the lights are also to remind people “that lighter times will come again”
‘Awesome’ veteran
Mr Johnson said: “We survived and eventually triumphed thanks to the heroism of countless ordinary people, who may be elderly today, but who once carried the fate of freedom itself on their shoulders.
“Across the world, our soldiers, sailors and airmen fought the Nazis with courage, ingenuity and stubborn endurance.
“On the home front, women defended our cities against air raids, worked the factories, ran the hospitals and broke enemy codes. People of every age, race and background came together in one supreme effort.”
Mr Johnson also held a Zoom call with 102-year-old WW2 veteran Ernie Horsfall, one of the UK’s oldest surviving servicemen.
During the call, the prime minister told him he was “awesome” and a “credit to his generation”, his official spokesman said.
What is VE Day?
Image copyrightGETTY IMAGESVictory in Europe (VE) Day on 8 May 1945 saw Britain and its Allies formally accept Nazi Germany’s unconditional surrender after almost six years of war.
At 15:00, Prime Minister Winston Churchill announced on the radio that the war in Europe had come to an end, following Germany’s surrender the day before.
Spontaneous celebrations broke out across the country and the Queen, then Princess Elizabeth, and her sister Princess Margaret, ventured out with a group of friends to experience the excitement in London.
Image copyrightPICTURE POST/HULTON ARCHIVE/GETTY IMAGESWriting in the Daily Telegraph, Labour leader Sir Keir Starmer said although people cannot be together this VE Day, “we can still remember together”.
He also referred to the virus outbreak, saying: “We owe so much to the generation of VE Day. We must do everything we can to care for and support them through the current crisis.”
He added: “The crisis in our care homes has gone on for too long and we must do everything we can to protect our most vulnerable, many of whom protected our country in its darkest hour.”
In a video message, Archbishop of Canterbury Justin Welby said reconciliation and hope were the “two great tributes we can pay to the 1945 generation”.
‘That’s your father’
Victory in Europe marked the point where some families could be reunited after a long separation. Born in December 1939, Peter Stevens had no memory of his father, who had been fighting in North Africa and Italy for most of Peter’s life.
Peter told BBC Radio 5 Live about meeting his father for the first time, aged five: “A face came at the back window, I looked up and my grandparents said, ‘That’s your father.’ That’s remained with me all my life, that moment.”
He recalls walking with his father through the fields near High Wycombe, meeting his mother where she was working and walking back together, a family for the first time in five years.
Image copyrightPETER STEVENSMessage from the Queen
The BBC is airing a series of special programmes to mark the milestone, including a re-broadcast from 14:45 of parts of then-prime minister Sir Winston Churchill’s victory speech.
A special evening programme will feature Welsh soprano Katherine Jenkins, actor Adrian Lester and singer Beverley Knight, who will be performing some well-known songs from the 1930s and 40s.
It will culminate in a public sing along of Dame Vera Lynn’s We’ll Meet Again, a song synonymous with World War Two.
Last month, the Queen echoed the words of the now 103-year-old singer – known as the Forces’ sweetheart – when she told those in lockdown “we will meet again” during a rare speech to the nation.
A pre-recorded message from the Queen will be broadcast on BBC One at 21:00 – the exact moment her father, King George VI, gave a radio address 75 years ago.